1. What is the “angle of repose” and how did it represent the lives of Susan Burling and Oliver
Ward?
2. Explain the background and symbolism of the episode in which Oliver pulls up all the rose
bushes from the house on the mesa.
The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck is the story of itinerant farmers, the “Okies”, during the
Depression. The Joad family travels to California only to discover they are worse off than they were in
the dust bowl of Oklahoma. Although the subject matter, including its violence and passion, is
controversial, this is a remarkable book.
1. Discuss the idea that The Grapes of Wrath exposes “glaring inequities in our social system.”
2. Although the subject matter of this novel is often violent and shocking, the characters can also
be sympathetic. Discuss the accuracy of this statement with specific references to the story.
Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway is set in Italy during World War I. It is a story of lovers
“silhouetted against the flame-streaked blackness of war, of a collapsing world . . . That story is the quest
for meaning and certitude in a world that seems to offer nothing.” (Robert Penn Warren)
1. Hemingway’s greatest protagonists are those who must face the dilemmas of surviving with
dignity, what he terms “grace under pressure.” Analyze Frederic Henry’s process of learning to
live with the inevitable pain of the vulnerable.” (The Novel 100)
2. Gertrude Stein, one of Hemingway’s contemporary writers, made the famous remark, “You
are all a lost generation.” Discuss how this novel presents the “lost generation” of the post World
War I period.
The Jungle Upton Sinclair intended his novel to reveal the working conditions and rights of immigrants.
When it was published, it was so shocking that it launched a government investigation of the meatpacking
industry, eventually leading to new laws.
1. Discuss Sinclair’s statement . . . “there was no place in it where a man counted for anything
against a dollar.”
2. Explain the symbolism, the significance of the title, The Jungle.
Snow Falling on Cedars by David Guterson follows a doomed love affair between a white boy and a
Japanese girl set against a Japanese-American fisherman’s 1954 murder trial. The novel also explores the
wartime internment of the Japanese residents. (1994 PEN/Faulkner award for fiction)
1. Explain how the setting, particularly the World War II passions against Japan, causes the major
conflict in this novel.
2. Analyze the symbolic significance of the novel’s title.
A Bell For Adano by John Hersey is set in Italy during World War II. Adano’s 700-year-old bell has been
melted down for Fascist guns and ammunition. When the Americans occupy the town, Major Joppolo
must overcome huge obstacles to find a new bell. Hersey has written a “funny, serious, and deeply
disturbing story.” (The New Yorker)